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17
2024
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07
Is China ready to enter the optical age?
The third industrial revolution
Throughout the history of the development of human civilization, the scientific and technological revolution "is a revolutionary force that plays a driving role in history", mainly by promoting the transformation of people's production methods, lifestyles and ways of thinking to promote social development.
The development of human society from primitive society to today can be roughly divided into agricultural civilization and industrial civilization. According to the philosophical system of Marx's historical materialism, "the contradiction between productivity and production relations is the basic driving force to promote the development of human society", and it is believed that the three elements of productivity are: labor materials based on production tools; labor introduced into the production process Object; laborer with certain production experience and labor skills. The author objectively believes that the core content of labor materials and labor objects should be the mode of production.
Looking at the scientific and technological industrial revolution from the perspective of production methods, agricultural civilization is a production method of "force processing", which has affected human society for thousands of years; the industrial civilization that is worthy of human pride has also experienced three scientific and technological industrial revolutions. The author objectively Classified from the perspective of processing methods, they are considered as: fire processing, electrical processing and light processing. Why is it so classified?
On the whole, the main signs of the three scientific and technological industrial revolutions: the first was the widespread application of steam engines in the 1860 s and the emergence of fire processing production tools; the second was the widespread application of electric power in the 1870 s and the emergence of electrical processing production tools; The third was a major breakthrough in the fields of atomic energy technology, computer technology, space technology, laser technology and biological technology in the 1950 s, and the emergence of optical processing production tools.
The third industrial revolution, in the form of optical processing, is promoting the adjustment of the international economic pattern through new laser fusion technology (atomic energy technology), photonic computer technology (computer technology), laser communication technology, laser measurement technology, laser processing technology, laser additive manufacturing technology, laser biology technology and so on. The development of science and technology has made the economies of all countries in the world more interdependent, and the competition in science and technology has further widened the economic gap between developed countries and many developing countries. Therefore, the third scientific and technological revolution is both an opportunity and a challenge for every developing country, especially China.
Since the 20th century, laser is another major invention of mankind after atomic energy, computers and semiconductors. It is called "faster knife", "more accurate ruler", "brighter light" and "strange laser". The principle of laser was discovered by the famous American physicist Einstein in 1916, but it was not until 1960 that the laser was first successfully manufactured.
Laser is in the theoretical preparation and production practice under the urgent need of the background came into being, it came out, it has been unusually fast development. Laser can make people effectively use the unprecedented advanced processing methods to obtain unprecedented benefits and results, thus promoting the rapid development of productivity.
Laser has played three irreplaceable roles in the development of human society:
1. It has fully penetrated into interdisciplinary disciplines, giving birth to dozens of new disciplines such as optical fiber communication, laser spectroscopy, laser ranging, laser radar, laser marking, laser cutting, laser welding, laser weapons, laser records, laser pointers, laser correction, laser beauty, laser scanning, laser mosquito killer, laser communication, laser biology, laser medicine, laser micro manufacturing, laser 3D printing, etc.
2. It plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development of various countries. In 2010, the United States evaluated the economic contribution formed by the expansion of laser technology applications in the fields of industrial manufacturing, transportation, biomedicine, and information and communication, reaching 7.5 trillion million US dollars;
3. It plays an irreplaceable role in the national security and national defense modernization of all countries in the world.
The laser consists of three parts: excitation source, working substance and resonant cavity. With the continuous progress of laser technology for more than half a century, especially in the selection of working materials, the structural design of resonant cavity and excitation source, refrigeration and heat dissipation technology, fiber coupling technology and so on, lasers have become more electro-optical efficiency, better beam quality, greater output power, more flexible transmission, higher stability and reliability.
The laser has also experienced high-power CO2 laser, lamp pumped laser, all-solid-state YAG laser, Disk laser, fiber laser to semiconductor laser from the beginning of low-power solid-state laser. The output mode is also from optical output, light guide arm to optical fiber.
At present, it is recognized in the industry that high-power Disk lasers and fiber lasers are the mainstream of the market, and high-power, high-brightness semiconductor lasers are the future. In particular, the combination of these high-power lasers and intelligent robots, automated production lines, big data processing technology databases and system solution simulation databases will lead the world's advanced manufacturing industry and will have a profound impact on the world's industrial intelligence process.
For example, workstations and automated production lines for laser welding, laser cutting, automated loading and unloading, and automatic painting in the field of auto parts and complete vehicles; workstations and production lines for laser hybrid welding, laser blanking, and automatic handling of parts in the construction machinery industry; laser dimensional processing, laser welding and laser cutting in the medical device industry; metallurgical industry's unequal thickness laser welding production lines, steel coil online welding production lines, online laser blanking systems, metallurgical component rolls and other laser remanufacturing equipment, etc.; Laser welding, laser cutting, laser remanufacturing, etc. of various equipment in the petrochemical industry; Laser welding, three-dimensional laser cutting, laser additive manufacturing, etc. in the field of aerospace; electronic appliances, photovoltaic, display panel and other industries laser dimension processing production line (laser marking, laser scribing, laser etching, laser drilling, etc.)
As the core processing method of advanced manufacturing industry, laser processing technology is gradually replacing the traditional processing and manufacturing methods with its high efficiency, high quality, low pollution, energy saving and environmental protection, and high degree of automation.
At present, Germany, Japan and the United States have become the leading countries in the laser industry, and have produced famous companies such as TRUKF, Rofen, coherence, spectral physics, IPG, etc., almost monopolizing the international market. In 2013, China's laser market has exceeded the scale of 20 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of about 18% to 22% in recent years, and has become a larger market for laser processing products in the world.
At the same time, with the continuous development of China's major infrastructure and major scientific and technological projects, laser technology is penetrating and spreading to many fields, and the market potential is huge. However, most of the laser enterprises in China lack of independent innovation and core technology, and most of them adopt imported lasers and parts for simple and extensive integration; the basic level of laser processing industry is also relatively low, and they are facing the situation of rapid development and continuous innovation. In the future, by improving the independent research and development capability of core devices and improving the technical level of laser processing technology, it will provide more development opportunities for China's laser enterprises.
Human society will enter the world of light. The third industrial revolution in the form of light processing is coming. Is China ready?
Laser,Fusion
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